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the Fourth Class, and the Star of the Second Class of the Order of the Crown of Italy, and having the rank of Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs:
Together with Bruwaert, Consul of the First Class, Assistant-Commissioner for Treaty Negotiations, decorated with the Order of Gustav of Sweden of the Third Class, and the Order of Leopold of Belgium of the Fifth Class:
After having communicated to each other their respective full powers and found them to be in due form, have accordingly concluded the following Articles :-
ARTICLE I.
It is arranged between the two Governments that whereas, in conformity with the provisions of Article V of the new Treaty, two places should now be indicated, one some point above Pan-sheng (Laokai), the other, some point to the north of Langson, at which the Chinese Government shall establish Customs for purposes of trade, and shall consent to the immediate appointment of Consuls by the French Government; and these French Consuls shall enjoy the same privileges and advantages as the Consuls of the most favoured nation.
Inasmuch as at the present date of signature, the Boundary Commissioners of the two Governments have not yet determined at what point north of Langson a trading centre should be opened, it shall be incumbent upon the Chinese Government to select such place in consultation with the French Representative in China within the present year. As regards the place to the north of Laokai to be opened to foreign trade, this shall also be fixed upon in consultation when the frontiers of the two countries shall have been inspected and determined.
ARTICLE II.
The Chinese Government is at liberty to establish Consuls at Hanoi and Haiphong, and shall hereafter consider with the Government of France the appointment of Consuls to reside at the large cities or towns in other parts of Tonquin. The treatment accorded by France to such Consuls and the privileges and advantages enjoyed by them shall be similar in every respect to the treatment and privileges accorded by France to the Consuls of the most favoured nation. They shall transact their official business with the high officer (or officers) appointed by the French Government as "Protector" (or "Protectors").
ARTICLE III.
Both Governments undertake that upon the arrival of a Consul appointed by either Power to take up his official residence, assistance shall be rendered by the local authorities of either Government in the maintenance or preservation of the public offices in which he resides.
When French merchants or citizens visit the places open to trade on the Chinese frontier, the action taken shall in all cases be that laid down in the VIIth, Xth, XIth, and XIIth Articles of the Treaty between China and France, dated the 27th day of June, 1858. When Annamese subjects visit the places open to trade on the Chinese frontier, the same treatment shall be accorded them by the Chinese Government.
ARTICLE IV.
Chinese subjects shall be permitted to purchase land, erect houses or establish places of business in any part of Annam, and shall receive full protection for their person and property. They shall on no account be treated with harshness or tyranny, nor shall any restraint be put upon them; there shall be no difference whatever between the treatment accorded to them and that enjoyed by the subjects of the most favoured western nation.
The official or private correspondence and telegrams of Chinese officials and merchants dispatched or received through the French post offices or telegraph offices shall be sent and delivered in the same manner as other correspondence, and shall not be subjected to any hindrance. The treatment of French citizens by the Chinese Government shall be equally liberal in this respect.
ARTICLE V.
In the event of French citizens or persons under French protection, as well as the subjects or citizens of other nationalities residing in Tonquin, wishing to cross the frontier into Chinese territory, the French authorities shall satisfy themselves of the respecta-
[852]
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the Fourth Class, and the Star of the Second Class of the Order of the Crown of Italy, and having the rank of Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs:
Together with Bruwaert, Consul of the First Class, Assistant-Commissioner for Treaty Negotiations, decorated with the Order of Gustav of Sweden of the Third Class, and the Order of Leopold of Belgium of the Fifth Class:
After having communicated to each other their respective full powers and found them to be in due form, have accordingly concluded the following Articles :-
ARTICLE I.
It is arranged between the two Governments that whereas, in conformity with the provisions of Article V of the new Treaty, two places should now be indicated, one some point above Pan-sheng (Laokai), the other, some point to the north of Langsou, at which the Chinese Government shall establish Customs for purposes of trade, and sball consent to the immediate appointment of Consuls by the French Government; and these French Consuls shall enjoy the same privileges and advantages as the Consuls of the most favoured nation.
Inasmuch as at the present date of signature, the Boundary Commissioners of the two Governments have not yet determined at what point north of Langson a trading centre should be opened, it shall be incumbent upon the Chinese Government to select such place in consultation with the French Representative in China within the present As regards the place to the north of Laokai to be opened to foreign trade, this shall also be fixed upon in consultation when the frontiers of the two countries shall have been inspected and determined.
year.
ARTICLE II.
The Chinese Government is at liberty to establish Consuls at Hanoi and Haiphong, and shall hereafter consider with the Government of France the appointment of Consuls to reside at the large cities or towns in other parts of Tonquin. The treatment accorded by France to such Consuls and the privileges and advantages enjoyed by them shall be similar in every respect to the treatment and privileges accorded by France to the Consuls of the most favoured nation. They shall transact their official business with the high officer (or officers) appointed by the French Government as "Protector" (or "Pro- tectors").
ARTICLE III.
Both Governments undertake that upon the arrival of a Consul appointed by either Power to take up his official residence, assistance shall be rendered by the local authorities of either Government in the maintenance or preservation of the public offices in which he resides.
When French merchants or citizens visit the places open to trade on the Chinese frontier, the action taken shall in all cases be that laid down in the VIIth, Xth, X1th, and XIIth Articles of the Treaty between China and France, dated the 27th day of June, 1858. When Annamese subjects visit the places open to trade on the Chinese frontier, the same treatment shall be accorded them by the Chinese Government.
ARTICLE IV.
Chinese subjects shall be permitted to purchase land, erect houses or establish places of business in any part of Annam, and shall receive full protection for their person and property. They shall on no account be treated with harshness or tyranny, nor shall any restraint be put upon them; there shall be no difference whatever between the treat- ment accorded to them and that enjoyed by the subjects of the most favoured western nation.
The official or private correspondence and telegrams of Chinese officials and merchants dispatched or received through the French post offices or telegraph offices shall be sent and delivered in the same manner as other correspondence, and shall not be subjected to any hindrance. 'The treatment of French citizens by the Chinese Govern- ment shall be equally liberal in this respect.
ARTICLE V.
In the erent of French citizens or persons under French protection, as well as the subjects or citizens of other nationalities residing in Tonquin, wishing to cross the frontier into Chinese territory, the French authorities shall satisfy themselves of the respecta-
[852]
G
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